Multiplication two digit by one digit worksheets. Multiplying by Three. Interactive Worksheet. Sea Creatures ...

One- and Two-Digit Numbers. Basic Multiplication &

Multiply in columns - 1 digit by 4 digit Grade 5 Multiplication Worksheet Find the product. 1. 6,940 × 3 2. 2,247 × 5 3. 4,867 × 6 4. 3,250 × 2 5. 6,700 × 6 6. 4,919 × 7 7. 9,878 × 7 8. 7,397 × 6 9. 4,813 × 5 10. 9,568 × 7 11. 1,766 ... Grade 5 Multiplication Worksheet Find the product. 1. 6,940 3These two digit and three digit multiplication worksheets gradually introduce long multiplication problems to third and fourth grade. ... One by Two Digits: 20s and 30s. Worksheet 1. Worksheet 2. Worksheet 3. Worksheet 4. One by Two Digits: 40s and 50s. Worksheet 1. Worksheet 2. Worksheet 3.Multiply by 1 Digit : Multiplication : Third Grade Math Worksheets. Below, you will find a wide range of our printable worksheets in chapter Multiply by 1 Digit of section Multiplication. These worksheets are appropriate for Third Grade Math. We have crafted many worksheets covering various aspects of this topic, multiples of 10 and 100, 2 and ...Building a strong foundation in multiplication is an important step in helping your child become proficient and confident. The worksheet requires students to work with a set of problems on multiplication and use their conceptual understanding to find the product. This worksheet seeks to improve students' understanding of the topic as they work with 2-digit and 1-digit numbers.This 1 got carried from. multiplying the second. bottom digit. (2 x 7 = 14) The 2 got carried and then was crossed off after it was added. to the answer from 4 x 1.Multiplying A. Multiplying A. Digit Multiplication Worksheet. Free Multiplication Worksheet Digit By Digit Freeclassrooms. Free 2-Digit By 1-Digit Multiplication printable Math worksheets for 3rd Grade students. Click on the image to view or download the PDF version. Multiplication: Star Arrays. Multiplication Flashcards.To complete this vertical multiplication worksheet, students multiply two-digit numbers by one-digit numbers. This printable reviews children's knowledge of the 2, 3 ...There are several variants of each class of worksheet to allow for plenty of practice. These two digit and three digit multiplication worksheets gradually introduce long multiplication problems to third and fourth grade. The printanble PDFs are output in high resolution and include answer keys.We all live across multiple screens as our gaze hops from our phones to our laptops and to our tablets. How do you keep yourself in order when your digital life is sprawled about l...This grid or box method multiplication PDF is quick and easy to download and print off! The box or grid method is a fantastic written method for teaching children multiplication skills alongside partitioning, allowing children to clearly see the place value of different numbers and how each digit is multiplied. Using the box or grid method to multiply 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers ...3-Digit by 1-Digit Multiplication Word Problems Worksheets. Employ these engaging printables and let students solve our word problem worksheets on multiplication. Working out 3-digit times 1-digit is also a great way of testing their vertical and/or horizontal multiplication skills. Explore the Worksheets ≫.Apr 9, 2020 - Free Math Worksheet - Multiplication Worksheet - 2 Digit and 3 Digit by 1 Digit Review and practice single digit multiplication with this free printable worksheets for kids. This provides great extra practice for students in 3rd Grade and 4th Grade. It can also be used as an assessment or quiz.School subject: math (1066928) Main content: Multiplying 2 digit by 1 digit (2094910) From worksheet author: Multiplying 2 digit by 1 digit. Other contents: groups.These math worksheets should be practiced regularly and are free to download in PDF formats. Single-digit Multiplication Worksheet - 1. Download PDF. Single-digit Multiplication Worksheet - 2. Download PDF. Single-digit Multiplication Worksheet - 3. Download PDF. Single-digit Multiplication Worksheet - 4. Download PDF.2-Digit by 1-Digit Multiplication Worksheets. 1. Multiply 43 by 3. Ans: Step One: Write the multiplicand and the multiplier. Step Two: multiply each digit of the multiplicand by the multiplier. Step Three: The result obtained after multiplication is the product. Product of 43 by 3 is 129.Multiply and divide by 10 - Machines Worksheet No.1. Interactive. Multiply and divide by 2 and 5 - Machines Worksheet No.2. Interactive. Dividing by 3 - Machines Worksheet No.1. Interactive. Multiply 2 digits by 2 digit - worksheet no.1. Interactive. Mental Multiplication - Multiplying 50, 75, 250 - Worksheet 2.Multiplication – 3 Digit By 1 Digit – Worksheet 2 – Download Multiplication – 3 Digit By 1 Digit – Worksheet 3 – Download Multiplication – 3 Digit By 1 Digit – Worksheet 4 – DownloadMultiplication - 3 Digit By 1 Digit - Six Worksheets. Single Digit Multiplication - 25 problems on each worksheet - Three Worksheets. Single Digit Multiplication - 16 problems on each worksheet - Five Worksheets. Multiplication - 3 Digit By 2 Digit - Twenty Two Worksheets. Multiplication - 2 Digit By 2 Digit - Twenty Worksheets.Students can use math worksheets to master a math skill through practice, in a study group or for peer tutoring. Use the buttons below to print, open, or download the PDF version of the Scary Multiplication (2-Digit by 1-Digit) (A) math worksheet. The size of the PDF file is 687253 bytes. Preview images of the first and second (if there is one ...Liveworksheets transforms your traditional printable worksheets into self-correcting interactive exercises that the students can do online and send to the teacher. ... Two digit by One digit Multiplication. Loading ad... mrfox524 Member for 3 years 8 months Age: 0. Level: Language: English (en) ID: 6798346 ...Regrouping - Addition and Subtraction. Multiplication - 8 Practice Worksheets. Multiplication Worksheet 1 - Download. Multiplication Worksheet 2 - Download. Multiplication Worksheet 3 - Download. Multiplication Worksheet 4 - Download. Multiplication Worksheet 5 - Download. Multiplication Worksheet 6 - Download.These double-digit to 1-digit multiplication sheets are ideal for giving children an extra challenge once they're comfortable multiplying single-digit numbers. Use our 2 Digit x 2 Digit Multiplication Practice and …This basic Multiplication worksheet is designed to help kids practice multiplying two-digit numbers (up to 30) by one-digit numbers, with multiplication questions that change each time you visit. This math worksheet is printable and displays a full page math sheet with Horizontal Multiplication questions. With this math sheet generator, you can ...Let's dive into our 2-Digit By 1 Digit Multiplication Worksheets! These sheets are a fantastic way for students to practice their multiplication skills in a fun and engaging way. The best part about these 2 by 1 Digit Multiplication Worksheets is that they provide an extra challenge for students who are already comfortable with multiplying single-digit numbers. It's a great way to push them ...Students multiply numbers up to 100 by single digit numbers in these multiplication drill worksheets. All equations are in vertical form. Worksheet #1 Worksheet #2 Worksheet #3 Worksheet #4 Worksheet #5. 10 More.Addition with pictures. addition with pictures for kindergarten. addition with pictures to 10. addition with pictures up to 10. Addition With Sums To 5 Worksheets. Addition within 5. butterfly. digit. dots.Review and practice 2 digit by 1 digit multiplication with this free printable worksheets for kids. This provides great extra practice for 3rd Grade and 4th Grade students. It can also be used as an assessment or quiz. Download Now. Categories: Grade - 3rd, Grade - 4th, Math, Multiplication - 2 Digit.Review and practice 2 digit by 1 digit multiplication with this free printable worksheets for kids. This provides great extra practice for 3rd Grade and 4th Grade students. It can also be used as an assessment or quiz. Download Now. Categories: Grade - 3rd, Grade - 4th, Math, Multiplication, Multiplication - 2 Digit. Description. Spread the love.Know more about Regrouping in 2-Digit by 1-Digit Multiplication Worksheet. What will your child learn through this worksheet? Help your child become an expert in multiplication with this worksheet. At this stage, students will work with 2-digit and 1-digit numbers. These questions invite students to multiply numbers in vertical arrangements.Here you'll discover a large selection of games, worksheets, and task cards for practicing 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication. (example: 51x3) Multiplication: 3 Digits Times 1 Digit. On this page you'll have a large selection of worksheets and games for multiplying 3-digit by 1-digit numbers. (example: 929x6) Multiplication: 4 Digits Times 1 DigitSolve these 4-digit numbers by 1-digit problems. Includes 10 vertical problems and 2 word problems. This worksheet has a series of 4-digit by 1-digit horizontal multiplication problems. Students rewrite the math problems vertically and solve. (example: 6,741 x 4) Solve a variety of multiplication problems, such as horizontal and vertical ...The printable PDF worksheets presented here involve single-digit multiplication word problems. Each worksheet carries five word problems based on day-to-day scenarios. Multiplication Word Problems: Two-digit times Single-digit. The word problems featured here require a grade 3 learner to find the product by multiplying a two-digit number by a ...May 22, 2017 ... This is just a few minutes of a complete course. Get full lessons & more subjects at: http://www.MathTutorDVD.com. Learn how to rapidly ...Your one stop solution for all grade learning needs. Learners hone their math skills with this multiply 2-digit and 1-digit numbers worksheet. Students have multiplied numbers using different strategies and knowledge of place value. With multiply 2-digit and 1-digit numbers worksheet, they should develop fluency with multiplication.These sheets enable children to apply their multiplication skills by working through fluency-style questions, before progressing to answering reasoning and problem-solving questions. They support the year 4 national curriculum aim: 'Multiply two-digit and three-digit numbers by a one-digit number using formal written layout.'.Examples, solutions, videos, stories, and songs to help Grade 3 students learn how to multiply 2 or more digits by 1 digit with and without regrouping. The following diagram shows how to multiply a 2-digit number by a 1-digit number with and without regrouping. Scroll down the page for more examples and solutions on multiplying numbers.These 2 digit multiplication sheets are designed to practice any written multiplication method.They contain 18 questions with space for children to show their workings out. Using these multiplication sheets at home? Our 2 digit multiplication worksheets also come with an answer sheet, so you can easily mark your children's work at home. If it's been a while since you've done ...This 3-Digit By 1-Digit Multiplication Worksheet is great for introducing children to multiplication problems involving larger numbers. The 3-digit by 1-digit multiplication worksheet features 18 different 3-digit by 1-digit multiplication problems for students to complete to improve their proficiency with multiplying numbers over 100. Designed by teachers, the resource also comes with a handy ...Multiplication 2-Digit by 1-Digit Missing Numbers Differentiated Worksheets - this pack of worksheets features a range of problems, which focus on testing children's ability to multiply 2-digit by 1-digit numbers. Use these to build your little one's knowledge if they're struggling with multiplying 3-digit by 1-digit numbers.The number of objects in each group is called 'multiplicand,' and the number of such equal groups is called 'multiplier'. For example: 3 × 7 = 7 + 7 + 7 = 21. 5 × 6 = 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 30. Fun facts about Multiplication: A woman in India once calculated the multiplication of two 13-digit numbers - 7,686,369,774,870 × ...25/09/2020. Country code: BS. Country: Bahamas. School subject: Math (1061955) Main content: Multiplying 2 digits by 1 digit with regrouping (1156973) Multiplying 2 digits by 1 digit with regrouping.Subject: Math. Learning Objectives: Activity Details: Our meticulously designed worksheets challenge students to solve 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication problems and accurately fill in the answers in the provided spaces. This packet contains 30 pages, each presenting a unique set of problems that encourage practice, precision, and persistence.Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit Numbers Worksheets. 68 Reviews. Mathematics Number Multiplication and Division. Aid numerical skills with these 1 digit multiplication …Use these free single digit multiplication math drills at home or at school. Simply click on the worksheet you want, then download and print. These one digit multiplication facts worksheets can make learning math fun. Great for kindergarten, 1st grade, 2nd grade, 3rd grade, and 4th grade classes.2 Digit By 2 Digit Multiplication Worksheets Free PDFs. Use these free, handy worksheets to help your children and pupils practise the grid method of multiplication with 2 digit by 2 digit calculations. When you download this resource, you'll receive 2 sheets of 10 questions with multiplication grids and then an extra 40 calculations that ...Multiplying 2-digits by 1-digit with partial products. We can multiply larger numbers by multiplying by the tens and ones separately, then adding the products together. Multiplying with partial products is one way we use the distributive property. Created by Sal Khan.Long multiplication practice worksheets including a variety of number sizes and options for different number formats. Two-Digit multiplication is a natural place to start after students have mastered their multiplication facts.This 3-Digit By 1-Digit Multiplication Worksheet is great for introducing children to multiplication problems involving larger numbers. The 3-digit by 1-digit multiplication worksheet features 18 different 3-digit by 1-digit multiplication problems for students to complete to improve their proficiency with multiplying numbers over 100. Designed by teachers, the resource also comes with a handy ...On this page you'll find a variety of printables for teaching 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication. We have math riddle worksheets, a multi-digit multiplication dice game, task cards, …These no regrouping multiplication worksheets are printable and come with answer pages. Teachers, parents, and students can print these worksheets out and make copies. Please support. Make one-time donation of $3 - $36. 2 Digits by 1 Digit No Regrouping Multiplication.Let's dive into our 2-Digit By 1 Digit Multiplication Worksheets! These sheets are a fantastic way for students to practice their multiplication skills in a fun and engaging way. The best part about these 2 by 1 Digit Multiplication Worksheets is that they provide an extra challenge for students who are already comfortable with multiplying single-digit numbers. It's a great way to push them ...Review and practice 2 digit by 1 digit multiplication with this free printable worksheets for kids. This provides great extra practice for 3rd Grade and 4th Grade students. It can also be used as an assessment or quiz. Download Now. Categories: Grade - 3rd, Grade - 4th, Math, Multiplication - 2 Digit.Welcome to The 2-digit by 1-digit Multiplication with Grid Support Including Regrouping (A) Math Worksheet from the Long Multiplication Worksheets Page at Math-Drills.com. This math worksheet was created or last revised on 2023-08-12 and has been viewed 542 times this week and 2,151 times this month.In today’s digital age, technology is transforming the way we approach education. One such tool that has gained popularity among educators is DeltaMath. This online platform offers...Multiply in columns - 1 digit by 3 digit Grade 4 Multiplication Worksheet Find the product. 1. 640 5 3,200 × 2. 174 7 1,218 × 3. 315 6 1,890 × 4. 401 4 1,604 × 5. 983 8 7,864 × 6. 152 8 1,216 × 7. 486 3 1,458 × 8. 458 6 2,748 × 9. 272 6 1,632 × 10. 672 4 2,688 × 11. 663 2 1,326 × 12. 417 5 2,085 × 13. 496 5 2,480 × 14. 812 4 3,248 ...These Multiplying 3-digit Numbers by 1-digit Numbers Worksheets are great for developing learners' multiplication knowledge. Using these worksheets to practise, children can develop their understanding of long multiplication and build upon their numeracy skills. The resource includes plenty of 3 digit multiplication questions to keep kids busy, with the questions getting a bit more challenging ...Welcome to The Multiplying (1 to 12) by 1 (100 Questions) (A) Math Worksheet from the Multiplication Worksheets Page at Math-Drills.com. This math worksheet was created or last revised on 2021-02-19 and has been viewed 106 times this week and 724 times this month. It may be printed, downloaded or saved and used in your classroom, home school, or other educational environment to help someone ...This is a collection of 62 Fun and Educational 2 Digit by 1 Digit Multiplication Worksheets! These worksheets are perfect for homework, classwork, centers, or for early finishers.One of the fundamental parts of multiplication is multiplying two-digit integers by one. But not every child understands it without help. That is why Brighterly offers a multiplication 2-digit by 1-digit worksheet to help those students catch up. Using free 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication worksheets as PDF files, you can help your child ...ID: 730181. 16/02/2021. Country code: BS. Country: Bahamas. School subject: Math (1061955) Main content: Multiplication No Regrouping (1281138) Multiplying 2 digit by 1 digit no regrouping. Other contents: 2 digit by 1 digit. Loading ad...The progression of learning 2-digit by 2-digit multiplication skills typically occurs in elementary school. While the specific timeline may vary, students are usually introduced to 2-digit multiplication in the later elementary grades, around 3rd or 4th grade, after mastering single-digit and two-digit by one-digit multiplication.Practice multiplying 2-digit numbers with these 2-Digit by 1 Digit Multiplication Worksheets. Great for grades 3-5. Download now for an extra challenge!2 digit by 2 digit multiplication no exchange. handwriting practice sheets. multiplying 2 digit by 1 digit. 2 - Digit Column Addition and Subtraction Worksheet 73 reviews. PlanIt Maths Year 3 Multiplication and Division Lesson Pack 16: Multiply a 2 - Digit Number by a 1 - Digit Number With No Regrouping 3 reviews.Apr 9, 2020 - Free Math Worksheet - Multiplication Worksheet - 2 Digit and 3 Digit by 1 Digit Review and practice single digit multiplication with this free printable worksheets for kids. This provides great extra practice for students in 3rd Grade and 4th Grade. It can also be used as an assessment or quiz.Each of the 20 worksheets comes ready to print and answer keys are included! ★★★★These worksheets are designed for students to practice multiplication of one digit numbers with multiples of 10 and supports Common Core Math standard 3.NBT.A.3: Multiply one-digit whole numbers by multiples of 10 in the range 10-90 (e.g., 9 × 80, 5 × 60 ...Grade 5 multiplication worksheets. Multiply by 10, 100 or 1,000 with missing factors. Multiplying in parts (distributive property) Multiply 1 digit by 3 digit numbers mentally. Multiply in columns up to 2x4 digits and 3x3 digits. Mixed 4 operations word problems.A useful introduction to multiplication in columns prior to introducing regrouping. 2 x 1 digit: Worksheet #1 Worksheet #2. 3 x 1 digit: Worksheet #3 Worksheet #4. 2 x 2 digit: Worksheet #5 Worksheet #6. Similar: Horizontal multiplication (no regrouping) Multiply 2 x 1 digits.Multiply in columns - 1 digit by 3 digit Grade 4 Multiplication Worksheet Find the product. 1. 640 5 3,200 × 2. 174 7 1,218 × 3. 315 6 1,890 × 4. 401 4 1,604 × 5. 983 8 7,864 × 6. 152 8 1,216 × 7. 486 3 1,458 × 8. 458 6 2,748 × 9. 272 6 1,632 × 10. 672 4 2,688 × 11. 663 2 1,326 × 12. 417 5 2,085 × 13. 496 5 2,480 × 14. 812 4 3,248 ...Vertical Format. These single digit multiplication worksheets are configured for a vertical problem format. The numbers for each factor may be individually varied to generate different sets of Multiplication problems. If you select the number 5 in the one group and all of the numbers 0 through 9 in the other group, then you will produce a ...With this level 1 area model multiplication worksheet, children will focus on 2-digit by 1-digit and 3-digit by 1-digit multiplication. This level 2 worksheet helps the 3rd grade, 4th grade, and 5th grade students gear up multiplying 2-digit by 2-digit numbers. Here, they'll find the product using box method to complete the multiplication sentence.Know more about Regrouping in 2-Digit by 1-Digit Multiplication Worksheet. What will your child learn through this worksheet? Help your child become an expert in multiplication with this worksheet. At this stage, students will work with 2-digit and 1-digit numbers. These questions invite students to multiply numbers in vertical arrangements.Practise the grid method of multiplication with 3x1 digit calculations. 10 questions already written in a grid, and 40 questions to practise, with a blank template if required. Once kids have practised multiplication using the grid method why not try these 3-digit by 1-digit worksheets after? Or, check out this Three Digit x One Digit Multiplication Worksheet.Multiply in columns. Students multiply numbers up to 1,000 by single digit numbers in these multiplication worksheets. Regrouping (carrying) will by required for most questions. Worksheet #1 Worksheet #2 Worksheet #3 Worksheet #4 Worksheet #5. 10 More. Similar: Multiply 4 x 1 digits Multiply 2 x 2 digits.Complete the Solution by Multiplying by Ones - This fun game clears kids' misconceptions about 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication. They multiply by ones to find the answer. For example, if they have to multiply 19 and 3, they can calculate 9x3 first and add 30 to the result. Hence, 9 x 3=27+30 = 57.Two digit by one digit multiplication 13 Q. 3rd - 5th Math Grade 4 Module 3 Quiz 15 Q. 3rd - 4th Mathematics (Part 2) 10 Q. KG - Uni ... Two-Digit by One-Digit Addition worksheets are an essential tool for teachers looking to help their students master the fundamental concept of multi-digit addition in math. These worksheets provide a variety ...Nov 16, 2020 · Language: English (en) ID: 505728. 16/11/2020. Country code: BS. Country: Bahamas. School subject: Math (1061955) Main content: Multiplication (2013181) From worksheet author: Multiply 2 digits by 1 digit.24/05/2020. Country code: DM. Country: Dominica. School subject: Math (1061955) Main content: Muliplication (2003824) From worksheet author: Multiplication 2 digit by 1 digit. Other contents: with regrouping.View 28,486 other resources for 3rd - 4th Grade Math. This Double-Single Digit Multiplication Set 1 Worksheet is suitable for 3rd - 4th Grade. In these three finding the products worksheets, students multiply two-digit numbers by one-digit numbers with regrouping. Students solve 60 problems.This 1 got carried from. multiplying the second. bottom digit. (2 x 7 = 14) The 2 got carried and then was crossed off after it was added. to the answer from 4 x 1.Your one stop solution for all grade learning needs. Help your child become an expert in multiplication with this worksheet. At this stage, students will work with 2-digit and 1-digit numbers. These questions invite students to multiply numbers in vertical arrangements.A useful introduction to multiplication in columns prior to introducing regrouping. 2 x 1 digit: Worksheet #1 Worksheet #2. 3 x 1 digit: Worksheet #3 Worksheet #4. 2 x 2 digit: Worksheet #5 Worksheet #6. Similar: Horizontal multiplication (no regrouping) Multiply 2 x 1 digits.Multiply in columns. Multiplication worksheets with numbers up to 10,000 multiplied by single digit numbers. Worksheet #1 Worksheet #2 Worksheet #3 Worksheet #4 Worksheet #5. 6 More.Horizontal Format. This multiplication worksheet may be configured for either single or multiple digit horizontal problems with 2 factors. You may select between 12 and 30 problems to be displayed on each worksheet. This multiplication worksheet is appropriate for Kindergarten, 1st Grade, 2nd Grade, 3rd Grade, 4th Grade, and 5th Grade.2 Digit By 2 Digit Multiplication Worksheets Free PDFs. Use these free, handy worksheets to help your children and pupils practise the grid method of multiplication with 2 digit by 2 digit calculations. When you download this resource, you'll receive 2 sheets of 10 questions with multiplication grids and then an extra 40 calculations that ...Results for ‛Two Digit By One Digit Multiplication' 6,150 teaching resources Two Digit By One Digit Multiplication Sort: Relevance . Grades Grade 1 5518. Grade 2 5281. Grade 3 3708. Grade 4 2835. Grade 5 2532. ... 2-Digit by 1-Digit Multiplication Worksheet PDFThree different worksheets that give the chance to practise multiplying a 2-digit number by a 1-digit number using the written method. All three worksheets are set …Each of the 20 worksheets comes ready to print and answer keys are included! ★★★★These worksheets are designed for students to practice multiplication of one digit numbers with multiples of 10 and supports Common Core Math standard 3.NBT.A.3: Multiply one-digit whole numbers by multiples of 10 in the range 10-90 (e.g., 9 × 80, 5 × 60 .... These double digit multiplication worksheets are free math worksheetsMultiplication - 4 Worksheets - Single Digit Multiplication 2-Digit by 1-Digit Multiplication Worksheets. 1. Multiply 43 by 3. Ans: Step One: Write the multiplicand and the multiplier. Step Two: multiply each digit of the multiplicand by the multiplier. Step Three: The result obtained after multiplication is the product. Product of 43 by 3 is 129.Students can use math worksheets to master a math skill through practice, in a study group or for peer tutoring. Use the buttons below to print, open, or download the PDF version of the Scary Multiplication (2-Digit by 1-Digit) (A) math worksheet. The size of the PDF file is 687253 bytes. Preview images of the first and second (if there is one ... Three Ways to Multiply. Worksheet. Treasure Math Map. Welcome to The Multiplying 2-Digit Tenths by 1-Digit Whole Numbers (A) Math Worksheet from the Decimals Worksheets Page at Math-Drills.com. This math worksheet was created or last revised on 2018-01-18 and has been viewed 76 times this week and 778 times this month. It may be printed, downloaded or saved and used in your classroom, home school, or other educational environment to help someone ... Review and practice 2 digit by 1 digit multiplication with thi...

Continue Reading